Physical optics interference diffraction theory scalar fourier theory 2. Wave optics propagation, interference and diffraction of waves axel kuhn, oxford 2016 paul ewarts lecture notes and problem sets. Find all the important topics and derivations which can be asked in cbse. Qualifying questions and solutions problems and solutions on optics compiled by. The ray aspect of light list the ways by which light travels from a source to another location. This learning activity is made up of problems related to plane mirror and boun. Problems are solved under lorentztransformationsoflength,time,velocity,momentumandenergy,theinvari ance of fourmomentum vector, transformation of angles and doppler effect and threshold of particle production. The problems consist of old examination questions that have been selected to match the topic of each problem class. A collection of electronic material related to the text is available atoptics. There are problems in which light must be treated as a wave with interference effects. Optics exams and problem solutions physics tutorials.
Optics questions with solutions physics problems with. Note that c is a distance r from the spherical segment. Dispersion may produce beautiful rainbows, but it can cause problems in optical systems. Physics optics problems science and mathematics education research group supported by ubc teaching and learning enhancement fund 20122015 faculty of education department of curriculum and pedagogy f a c u l t y o f e d u c a t i o n. Physics notes for class 12 chapter 9 ray optics and. Pedrotti 21 a glass plate is sprayed with uniform opaque particles. The product covers the complete spectra from basic chapters like optical instruments, dispersion, diffraction to the latest advancements like integrated optics. Geometrical optics and physical optics african virtual university. A upright, magnified and real b upright, the same size and virtual c inverted, demagnified and real d inverted, magnified and virtual. Pdf optics physics pdf optics physics pdf optics physics download.
Optics, in a simple manner, is used to describe the behaviour of visible light, infrared light, and the ultraviolet. With a basic familiarity with trigonometry, we can approach many optical problems including those involving the addition of multiple waves. Pdf optics physics for our purposes, in understanding how optical instruments work, the wave theory of light is entirely adequate. Optics is a branch of physics that deals with the determination of behaviour and the properties of light, along with its interactions with the matter and also with the instruments which are used to detect it. I am doing kleppner and kolenkow problems and am not able to find why is my approach over this question is wrong. With a protractor at eye level, he finds the angle at the top of the flag pole with the horizontal is 25. Wave properties in general there are two types of waves. Analysis of light interferometers diffraction gratings michelson fourier transform fabryperot 3. The nal two chapters of the book demonstrate the incomplete nature of classical optics and provide a brief introduction to quantum optics. Only wave optics leads to the correct interpretation of such patterns. Optics questions with solutions and explanations at the bottom of the page. Errors and error estimation physics animations and film.
A lens is made of glass with index of refraction 1. This physics textbook is designed to support my personal teaching activities at duke university, in particular teaching its physics 141142, 151152, or 161162 series introductory physics for life science majors, engineers, or potential physics majors, respectively. Free tutorials on optics with examples, questions and problems with detailed solutions. Pdf the light and optics conceptual evaluation loce was developed to. When first invented, they were called a solution looking for a problem. Isaac physics a project designed to offer support and activities in physics problem solving to teachers and students from gcse level through to university. These questions may be used to practice for the sat physics test.
Optics notes massachusetts institute of technology. Photometry is a branch measurement of light energy. Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its. The concepts of reflection, refraction, total internal reflection are discussed and their applications highlighted through examples and questions with solutions and clear and self explanatory diagrams. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p download book. Optics notes topics in these notes are wave properties polarization focal lengths geometrical optics i. The physics coaching class university of science and technology of china refereed bai guiru, guo guangcan edited by. Geometric optics problems and solutions in university physics. The method of geometrical optics will not solve all problems that involve light. The questions are about reflection, refraction, critical angle, lenses, reflectors, light rays propagating through different mediums, refractive index of materials, etc. Longitudal waves are those in which the displacement of the mediumor eld is in the direction of the wave.
Introduction to quantum mechanics quantum mechanics is a physical science dealing with the behaviour of matter and energy on the scale of atoms and subatomic particles waves. The main purpose of this study, however, is to show that the concept. Physics notes for class 12 chapter 9 ray optics and optical instruments light light is a form of energy eyes. That is, the normal is along the radius, the line joining the centre of curvature of the mirror to the point of incidence. Optics problem solver problem solvers solution guides. Check important question of physics class 12 cbse 2020 board exam. Such a student might opt to pursue all problems using sines, cosines, and real exponents, together with large quantities of trigonometric identities. Chapters 7 and 8 are concerned with problems in low energy nuclear physics. Book 5 in the light and matter series of introductory physics textbooks. Often, as in example b, the problem is the misconcep. We have already studied that the geometric centre of a spherical mirror is called its pole while.
Figure 3 below shows two point sources, s 1 and s 2 emitting waves that are detected at a distant point p from the two sources. This, however, would be far more e ort than the modest investment needed to become comfortable with the use of complex notation. It should be noted however, that all introductory texts on physics currently in use. The construction of images obtained through optical systems and different types of lenses will be. With 272 selected problems and answers, this study aid is a powerful supplement to the study of wave optics. Pdf determination of university students misconceptions. Damped oscillations when the object is allowed to oscillate in air it takes a long time to stop, and the amplitude decreases very slowly. Determination of university students misconceptions about light using concept maps. A upright, magnified and real b upright, the same size and virtual c inverted, demagnified and real d inverted, magnified and virtual 2. Chapters 9 and 10 are concerned with high energy physics.
We use physlets to create alternative problems that we believe can help students better develop their problemsolving abilities and deepen their conceptual. Cc ff r rays from infinity parallel to the principal axis all go through the focal point, f. Nasa goddard photo and video, via flickr learning objectives 25. Chapter 9 covers the problems on natural units, production, interactions and decays of high energy unstable particles, various types of detectors such as ionization chambers, propror. When the distances r 1 and r 2 from sources 1 and 2 to the point p are large compared with the separation d of the sources, the two rays along the lines of sight from the two sources to point p are nearly parallel, both being essentially at the same angle q from. Characteristics of light light waves are electromagnetic waves, whose nature is transverse. But when light waves pass around small objects, such as a 100diameter human hair, or through small openings, such as a 50 pinhole, ray optics cannot account for the light patterns produced on a screen beyond these objects. Which of the following is the correct formula for focal point calculation.
Problems and solutions for sk2300 optical physics v. Lim yungkuo world scientific singapore new jersey london hong kong. Understand the problems in this book and youve proved to yourself you can take those rules and think outside of the box. Covering the basics of wave propagation, reflection, refraction, anisotropic media, interference, diffraction, and coherence, this questionandanswer collection provides the opportunity to solve problems chosen by a mentor with decades. When a distant point source of light is observed looking through the plate, a diffuse halo is seen whose angular width is about estimate the size of the particles. Optics the branch of physics consisting properties of light. Optics benjamin crowell book 5 in the light and matter series of introductory physics textbooks. Important chapterwise derivations for cbse 12th physics 2020. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p this note covers the following topics.
One side of the lens is flat, and the other is convex with the radius of curvature of 30 cm. Returning now to the problem at handthat of relating p, q, and r. Physics for scientists and engineers, third edition. Understanding schaums proves you understand how to work along the rules of optics. Lecture notes optics pdf 57p this note covers the following topics. If you read hechts optics 4th edition and in parallel work the problems in schaums outline of optics, then come to this book. Pdf light and optics conceptual evaluation findings from first year. This book provides an introduction to the field of optics from a physics perspective. Archimedes and other ancient greek thinkers made original contributions but we mention here heron of alexandria c. Ray optics and optical instruments 311 this case is to be taken as normal to the tangent to surface at the point of incidence.
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